Load Pull Analysis (loadpull)
Description
Loadpull sweeps the magnitude (rho) and phase (phi) of the load instance over a specified range to detect potentially unstable amplifier load impedances.
The component in the netlist that is used to set the magnitude and phase of the reflection coefficient of the loadpull simulation is called the load instance and
is different for shooting and harmonic balance.For harmonic balance,the load instance must be either a port or a portAdapter.For shooting pss, the load
instance must be a portAdapter.
In the loadpull statement, you can define the sweeps for the magnitude and phase (in degrees) for the reflection coefficient of the load instance.To calculate
the amplifier output, either hb or pss is required.The hb or pss statement is enclosed in curly brackets after the loadpull statement.Harmonic balance is
likely to be faster than shooting PSS for most amplifiers.
Syntax
Name loadpull parameter=value ...
Parameters
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tuner
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Set the instance to be swept in loadpull MWO flow, If tuner is a load port, loadpull is performed. If tuner is a source port, sourcepull analysis is performed. Only loadpull is supported currently.
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sinst
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Set the source instance in loadpull MWO flow when running loadpull analysis. The impedance file of source instance is used in MWO to compute the contours for measurements like PAE, Source Voltage, Source Current and so on.
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maxharmoutput
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3
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The maximum harmonic number to be saved in the loadpull MWO dataset..
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paramset
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Name of parameter set in loadpull MWO flow, gmag and gtheta are set in paramset.
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irfterm
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Set the input RF terminal in loadpull MWO flow.
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irfnet
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Set the input RF net in loadpull MWO flow.
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orfterm
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Set the output RF terminal in loadpull MWO flow.
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orfnet
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Set the output RF net in loadpull MWO flow.
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idcterm
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Set the input DC terminal in loadpull MWO flow.
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idcnet
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Set the input DC net in loadpull MWO flow.
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odcterm
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Set the output DC terminal in loadpull MWO flow.
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odcnet
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Set the output DC net in loadpull MWO flow.
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z0
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50
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Used only in harmonic balance only when the load instance is a port and sets the impedance of the load port. When a portAdapter is used as the load instance, this value is set in the portAdapter instance.
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inst
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Used only in harmonic balance when the load instance is a port. This is the instance name for the port that loads the amplifier. When a portAdapter is used as the load instance, the portAdapter that uses the rho and Phi values in the netlist is assumed to be the load instance.
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rho
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Name of parameter to rho sweep. The name is arbitrary and must be in the parameters list. When a portAdapter is used as the load instance, the parameter must be used in the portAdapter to set the reflection coefficient magnitude.
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rhostart
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0
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Start sweep limit of rho.
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rhostop
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Stop sweep limit of rho.
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rhostep
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Step size, linear sweep of rho.
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rholin
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50
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Number of steps, linear sweep of rho.
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rhovalues
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[...]
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Array of sweep values of rho.
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phi
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Name of parameter to phi sweep.The name is arbitrary and must be in the parameters list. When a portAdapter is used as the load instance, the parameter must be used in the portAdapter to set the reflection coefficient angle.
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phistart
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0
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Start sweep limit of phi.
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phistop
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Stop sweep limit of phi.
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phistep
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Step size, linear sweep of phi.
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philin
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50
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Number of steps, linear sweep of phi.
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phivalues
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[...]
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Array of sweep values of phi.
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========
Examples
========
Harmonic Balance:
lphb loadpull inst=PORT4 rho=mag rhostart=0.001 rhostop=0.991
+ rhostep=0.11 phi=theta phistart=-180 phistop=160 phistep=20
+ z0=50 {
hb hb tstab=0 oversample=[1] fundfreqs=[(2.45G)] maxharms=[6]
+ errpreset=moderate annotate=status
}
Shooting PSS:
lppss loadpull rho=mag rhostart=0.001 rhostop=0.991
+ rhostep=0.11 phi=theta phistart=-180 phistop=160 phistep=20 {
pss pss fund=2.45G harms=7 errpreset=moderate tstab=3n
+ annotate=status
}
Loadpull MWO flow:
lphb loadpull tuner=PORT2 sinst=PORT1 maxharmoutput=3
+ irfterm=IPRB_SOURCE:in irfnet=source orfterm=IPRB_LOAD:in orfnet=load
+ idcterm=V0:p idcnet=net5 odcterm=V1:p odcnet=net10 rho=gmag phi=gtheta
+ z0=50 paramset=ldpsethb {
sweepFreq sweep param=fin paramtype=freq start=2.2G stop=2.4G step=0.1G{
sweepPower sweep param=Pwr paramtype=pwr start=-10 stop=10 step=1{
hb hb autotstab=yes oversample=[1] fundfreqs=[(fin)]
+ maxharms=[11] errpreset=conservative annotate=status
}
}
}
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