Product Documentation
Spectre Circuit Simulator Components and Device Models Reference
Product Version 23.1, June 2023

Component Statements

Sample Instance Statement

q7 (net5 net2 0) hbtmod m=1 top=25

Sample Model Statement

model hbtmod hbt type=npn bf=500 br=1000 xtb=-2.4 xti=0 xcjc=0.83 mje=0.34 fc=0.5 eg=1.2 ise=5.5e-15 vjc=0.84 vaf=40 cjc=5.1e-15

Instance Definition

Name  c  b  e s ModelName parameter=value ...

Instance Parameters

1

area=1

Transistor area factor.

2

m=1

Multiplicity factor.

3

temp

Ambient temperature.

4

trise=0 C

Variability in device temperature.

5

isnoisy=yes

Should resistor generate noise. Possible values are no or yes.

Model Definition

model modelName hbt parameter=value ...

Model Parameters

1

nflag=on

Noise Model.

2

area=1

Device area factor (Does not scale parasitic inductors or capacitors).

3

tnom

Reference (extraction) temperature.

4

tbp=298.15

Base-plate temperature.

5

selft=off

Self-Heating flag.

6

ext_flag=0

AWR-Extensions flag.

7

re=0

Emitter resistance.

8

rci=0

Intrinsic collector resistance.

9

rcx=0

Extrinsic collector resistance.

10

rbi=0

Intrinsic base resistance.

11

rbx=0

Extrinsic base resistance.

12

is=1e-25

Collector-Emitter current: Forward collector saturation current.

13

nf=1

Collector-Emitter current: Forward collector current ideality factor.

14

isr=1e-15

Collector-Emitter current: Reverse emitter saturation current.

15

nr=1

Collector-Emitter current: Reverse emitter current ideality factor.

16

ish=1e-27

Base-Emitter current: Ideal base-emitter current.

17

nh=1

Base-Emitter current: Ideal base-emitter current ideality factor.

18

ise=1e-25

Base-Emitter current: Non-ideal base-emitter current.

19

ne=2

Base-Emitter current: Non-ideal base-emitter current ideality factor.

20

isrh=1-e25

Base-Collector current: Ideal base-collector saturation current.

21

nrh=2

Base-Collector current: Ideal base-collector current ideality factor.

22

isc=1e-20

Base-Collector current: Non-ideal base-collector saturation current.

23

nc=2

Base-Collector current: Non-ideal base-collector current ideality factor.

24

abel=0

Base-Emitter current: Portion of base-emitter current allocated to extrinsic region.

25

vaf=500

Forward Early voltage.

26

var=500

Reverse Early voltage.

27

isa=1e10

Base-emitter heterojunction saturation current (BE barrier effects).

28

na=2

Base-emitter heterojunction ideality factor.

29

isb=1e10

Base-collector heterojunction current (BC barrier effects).

30

nb=2

Base-collector heterojunction ideality factor.

31

ikdc1=1

Soft knee effect: Transition width in Ic of q3 function.

32

ikdc2inv=0

Soft knee effect: slope of q3 function (1/Amp).

33

ikdc3=1

Soft knee effect: Critical current at which soft knee effect occurs at Vcb=VJC.

34

vkdcinv=0.1

Soft knee effect: Transition width of Vcb (in inverse voltage) (1/Volt).

35

nkdc=3

Soft knee effect: maximum value of q3.

36

gkdc=0

Soft knee effect: Exponent of q3 factor in base current.

37

ik=1e10

High current roll-off in Beta.

38

cje=0

Base-emitter capacitance: zero-bias capacitance.

39

vje=1.6

Base-emitter capacitance: built- in voltage.

40

mje=0.5

Base-emitter capacitance: grading factor (0.1<MJE).

41

cemax=1e-13

Base-emitter capacitance: maximum value in forward bias.

42

vpte=1

Base-emitter capacitance: punchthrough voltage.

43

mjer=0.05

Base-emitter capacitance: grading factor beyond punchthrough.

44

abex=0

Base-emitter capacitance: ratio between extrinsic and total base-emitter regions.

45

cjc=0

Base-collector capacitance: zero-bias capacitance.

46

vjc=1.4

Base-collector capacitance: built-in voltage.

47

mjc=0.33

Base-collector capacitance: grading factor (0.1<MJC).

48

ccmax=9e-14

Base-collector capacitance: maximum value in forward bias.

49

vptc=3

Base-collector capacitance: punchthrough voltage.

50

mjcr=0.03

Base-collector capacitance: grading factor beyond punchthrough.

51

abcx=0.75

Ratio between extrinsic and total base-collector regions.

52

tfb=0

Base transit time: delay through the base.

53

fextb=0.2

Base transit time: fraction of base transit time charge allocated to the base-collector junction.

54

tfc0=0

Collector transit time: low current transit time.

55

tcmin=5e-13

Collector transit time: high current transit time.

56

itc=0

Collector transit time: midpoint in collector current between TFC0 and TCMIN.

57

itc2=0

Collector transit time: transition width in collector current between TFC0 and TCMIN.

58

vtc0ivn=0.3

Collector transit time: rate of change of TFC0 with Vcb (in inverse saturation).

59

vtr0=2

Collector transit time: transition width in Vcb to VMX0 (models velocity saturation).

60

vmx0=2

Collector transit time: maximum Vcb for TFC0 (models velocity saturation).

61

vtcmininv=0.5

Collector transit time: rate of change of TCMIN with Vbc (in inverse voltage) (1/Volt).

62

vtrmin=1

Collector transit time: transition width in Vcb to VMXMIN (models velocity saturation).

63

vmxmin=1

Collector transit time: maximum Vcb for TCMIN (models velocity saturation).

64

vtcinv=0.1

Collector transit time: rate of change of ITC with Vcb (in inverse voltage) (1/Volt).

65

vtc2inv=0.8

Collector transit time: rate of change of ITC2 with Vcb (in inverse voltage) (1/Volt).

66

fextc=0.8

Collector transit time: fraction of the collector transit time charge allocated to the base-collector junction.

67

tkrk=0

Kirk effect: Kirk effect delay time.

68

ikrk=1e3

Kirk effect: critical current for Kirk effect at Vbc=0.

69

ikrktr=1e-6

Kirk effect: transition width to prevent Ikirk=0 (use sparingly).

70

vkrk=10

Kirk effect: rate of change of IKRK with Vcb.

71

vkrk2inv=0.2

Kirk effect: rate of change of TKRK with Vcb (in inverse voltage) (1/Volt).

72

gkrk=4

Kirk effect: exponent of kirk effect delay.

73

vktr=1

Kirk effect: transition width in Vcb to VKMX.

74

vkmx=1

Kirk effect: Maximum Vcb for TKRK.

75

fexke=0.2

Kirk effect: fraction of the Kirk effect charge allocated ti the base-collector junction.

76

tr=3.5e-10

Reverse transit time.

77

cpce=0

Parasitic/Fringing collector-emitter capacitance.

78

cpbe=0

Parasitic/Fringing base-emitter capacitance.

79

cpbc=0

Parasitic/Fringing base-collector capacitance.

80

lpc=0

Parasitic collector inductance.

81

lpb=0

Parasitic base inductance.

82

lpe=0

Parasitic emitter inductance.

83

xrb=0

Temperature exponent for RBI and RBX.

84

xrc=0

Temperature exponent for RCI and RCX.

85

xre=0

Temperature exponent for RE.

86

tvje==0

Rate of change in temperature of VJE (Volt/K).

87

tvpe=0

Rate of change in temperature of VPTE (Volt/K).

88

tvjc=0

Rate of change in temperature of VJC (Volt/K).

89

tvpc=0

Rate of change in temperature of VPTC (Volt/K).

90

ege=1.55

Effective emitter bandgap parameter.

91

tnf=0

Rate of change in temperature of NF.

92

xtis=3

Temperature exponent for IS.

93

xtih=4

Temperature exponent for ISH.

94

xtie=3

Temperature exponent for ISE.

95

egc=1.5

Effective collector bandgap parameter.

96

tnr=0

Rate of change in temperature of NR.

97

xtir=3

Temperature exponent for ISR.

98

xtic=3

Temperature exponent for ISC.

99

xtirh=4

Temperature exponent for ISRH.

100

xtik3=0

Temperature exponent for IKDC3.

101

eaa=0

Temperature dependence of ISA.

102

eab=0

Temperature dependence of ISB.

103

xtfb=0

Temperature exponent for TFB.

104

xtcmin=0

Temperature exponent for TCMIN.

105

xtfc0=0

Temperature exponent for TFC0.

106

xtitc=0

Temperature exponent for ITC.

107

xtitc2=0

Temperature exponent for ITC2.

108

xttkrk=0

Temperature exponent for TKRK.

109

xtikrk=0

Temperature exponent for IKRK.

110

xtvkrk=0

Temperature exponent for VKRK.

111

rth1=1000

Thermal resistance #1 (Kelvin/Watt).

112

cth1=5e-10

Thermal capacitance #1 (Sec-Amp/Volt).

113

xth1=0

Temperature exponent for Rth1.

114

rth2=0

Thermal resistance #2 (Kelvin/Watt).

115

cth2=0

Thermal capacitance #2 (Sec-Amp/Volt).

116

xth2=0

Temperature exponent for Rth2.

117

kf=0

Flicker noise coefficient.

118

af=1

Flicker noise exponent.

119

ffe=1

Flicker noise frequency exponent.

120

kb=0

Burst noise coefficient.

121

ab=1

Burst noise exponent.

122

fb=1

Burst noise corner frequency.

123

imax=10

Explosion current.

124

bkdn=0

Breakdown current flag.

125

bf=1000

Forward ideal current gain.

126

br=1000

Reverse ideal current gain.

127

isex=1e-25

Saturation current for emitter leakage diode.

128

nex=2

Ideality factor for emitter leakage diode.

129

iscx=1e-30

Saturation current for extrinsic BC junction current.

130

ncx=2

Ideality factor for extrinsic BC junction current.

131

fa=0.9

Factor to specify avalanche voltage.

132

bvc=50

C-B breakdown voltage (BVcb0); positive.

133

nbc=8

Exponent for BC multiplication factors versus voltage.

134

ics=1e-30

Saturation value for collector-substrate current.

135

ncs=2

Ideality factor for collector-substrate current.

136

rex=1e-3

Extrinsic emitter leakage diode series resistance.

137

cemin=1e-40

Min value for intrinsic BC capacitance.

138

fce=0.8

Factor for BE capacitance approximation near Vbi.

139

ccmin=1e-40

Min valuer of intrinsic BC capacitance.

140

fc=0.8

Factor for BC capacitance approximation near Vbi.

141

cjcx=0

Extrinsic BC capacitance at zero voltage.

142

vjcx=1.4

Extrinsic BC capacitance Vbi.

143

mjcx=0.33

Extrinsic base-collector capacitance: grading factor (0.1<MJCX).

144

cxmin=1e-40

Minimum extrinsic BC capacitance.

145

xcjc=0

Factor for partitioning BC capacitance.

146

cjs=0

Substrate depletion capacitance at zero voltage.

147

vjs=1.4

Built-in potential for substrate capacitance.

148

mjs=0.5

Substrate capacitance: grading factor (0.1<MJS).

149

tbexs=0

Excess BE transit time.

150

tbcxs=0

Excess BC transit time.

151

icrit0=1e3

Critical current for junction capacitance.

152

vtc=1e3

Characteristic voltage for TFC.

153

trx=0

Reverse storage time for extrinsic BC diode.

154

fex=0

Excess phase factor.

155

rth=1e-8

Thermal resistance.

156

cth=1e-6

Thermal capacitance.

157

xti=2

Exponent for IS temperature dependence.

158

xtb=2

Exponent for beta temperature dependence.

159

tne=0

Coefficient for NE temperature dependence.

160

tnc=0

Coefficient for NC temperature dependence.

161

tnex=0

Coefficient for NEX temperature dependence.

162

eg=1.5

Activation energy for IS temperature dependence.

163

eae=0

Activation energy for ISE temperature dependence.

164

eac=0

Activation energy for ISC temperature dependence.

165

eax=0

Activation energy for ISEX temperature dependence.

166

xrex=0

Coefficient for REX temperature dependence.

167

tvjcx=0

Coefficient for VJCX temperature dependence.

168

tvjs=0

Coefficient for VJS temperature dependence.

169

xttf=0

Coefficient for TF temperature dependence.

170

xrt=0

Coefficient for RTH temperature dependence.

171

dtmax=500

Maximum temperature rise above heatsink in Celsius degrees.

172

compat=0

Model compatibility selector.

Operating-Point Parameters

1

pwr (Power)

Dissipated power.

2

temp (Temperature)

Temperature.

3

Ibe

Intrinsic B-E current.

4

Ice

Intrinsic B-C current.

5

Ics

C-S junction current.

6

Ibei

B-E junction current.

7

Ibci

B-C junction current.

8

Ibex

XB-E junction current.

9

Ibcx

XB-C junction current.

10

Qbe

Intrinsic B-E charge.

11

Qbc

Intrinsic B-C charge.

12

Qbex

XB-E junction charge.

13

Qbcx

XB-C junction charge.

14

Vbe

Base-emitter voltage.

15

Vbc

Base-collector voltage.

16

Vce

Collector-emitter voltage.

17

Vcs

XC-substrate voltage.


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