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Contents

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1

Introduction to OpenAccess Adoption

Acronyms and Terminology

What Is OpenAccess?

The Database Infrastructure

Virtuoso Studio Design Environment on OpenAccess

Configuring OpenAccess

How Programmers Can Access Data

New, Changed, and Removed Functions

Finding the Database, Build, and Release Number

Determining the Database Type

Finding the Build and Release Number

Finding the Database Type for a Virtuoso Executable

Finding the OpenAccess Version

Finding the OpenAccess Data Model Version

Using Shareable OpenAccess Libraries

Translators

Converting CDB Data

Virtuoso Studio Design Environment Specific Translators

Application

Virtuoso Chip Assembly Router

Encounter

2

OpenAccess Adoption with CDBA

Development Environment

Conditionally Compiling Code

Using OpenAccess Code and Extensions

Structuring Your Code

3

CDB/OpenAccess Database Differences

General Differences

Using Function Calls on Standard Vias

Calls to dbRefreshCellView

Using the Schematic Bus Range Order Option

Calls to dbReplaceProp for Abutment Groups

Mark Net Command

Enhancements in the Design Summary Form

Calls to the cdsInit and dbInit Functions

Defragmentation in OpenAccess

Maximum Cellview Bounding Box

Name Space Differences

Database Size Differences Using Paths Versus PathSegs

Escape Sequences in Names

Backquote Character in Names

Using Instance Parameters

Instance Magnification Differences

ITK Read-in Triggers

Instance Masters on OpenAccess

Order of Generating Objects

Undo/Redo

techFindViaDefByName vs leIsContactName SKILL API

Files

Set-up Files New in the Virtuoso Studio design environment

Files that Have Changed

Files that No Longer Exist

Files that Are the Same

Pins

Complex Pin Modeling

Symbolic Device Masters

Instance Pin (instPin) Objects

InstTerms and Terminals

Iterated Instances

Net Width and Terminal Width

Terminal Required on Instances

Terminal Ordering

Bus and Bundle Nets

Bus Nets, Bundle Net, and Bus Net Bit

Bus Definitions

Nets with Equivalent Names

SKILL Access for Nets/Signals

Net Status Attribute

Embedded Module Hierarchy (EMH)

Inherited Connections

Mosaics

Naming of Mosaic Instances

Binding of Mosaic Instances

Rotation of Mosaics

Design Management

Differences in Storage and Data Models

Region Query Functions

Placement Status

Virtuoso Studio design environment Libraries

Determining the Library Structure

Using Nested Libraries

Library Definition Files

Combining CDB and OpenAccess Libraries

Cellviews

Creating Cellviews

Saving Cellviews Using SKILL

Panic Cellviews

Scratch Cellviews

Standard Via Masters

Behavior in Read-Only Mode

Using dbWriteCellView and dbCopyCellview

Opening a Cellview with dbGetAnyInstSwitchMaster

Maximum Number of Open Files

Cellview Reference Count

CellViewType Attribute

Mapping of Cellview Types from CDB to OpenAccess

Custom Virtuoso Studio design environment View Types

Properties of Libraries, Cells, and Views

Calls to dbBag SKILL Functions

Property Type dbcFileNameType

Properties versus Parameterized Cell Parameters

Command Interpreter Window (CIW)

Objects

Changing Object Types

Changing the Name of an Object

Changing an Instance Name to the Same Name

Timestamps

How CDB Uses Timestamp Properties

How the Virtuoso Studio design environment Uses Counters

Counters Provide Finer Resolution

Instance Time Stamps

Currency of an Instance and Its Master

Both Counters and Timestamps Needed in Some Applications

4

OpenAccess Technology Data Changes

OpenAccess Data Models

Virtuoso Support for OpenAccess Data Models

Support for Incremental Technology Database

Constraint Support for 45/65 nm Process Rules

Constraint Support for 32 nm Process Rules

Support for Using Group Definitions

ConstraintGroupDef

Support for Predefined Via Parameters

Purpose-Aware Constraints

Reserved Purposes

Support for New ITDB Constructs

Constraint Parameters

Huge String/Name Data

oaPartitions

Huge oaPointArray Data

Huge oaAppProp Data

Moving Your Data to OpenAccess Data Model 4

Opening an IC6.1.1 Database

Virtuoso Support of Technology File Constraints

Types of Constraint Groups

Hard and Soft Constraints

Coincident Allowed Parameter

Constraint Group Properties

Constraint Group Semantics

Technology Database File Name

Technology File Updates Using Merge and Replace

Changes to Table Spacing Syntax

Translation of the resistancePerCut Property

Conversion of Technology File controls Class

DBUPerUU Stored in the Technology File

Manufacturing Grid

Conversion of Technology File layerDefinitions Class

Technology File Changes for Layer Purposes

Changing the Number of Characters for LSW Purpose Abbreviation

LEF In Changes for Valid Layer Purposes

OpenAccess Constants for Reserved Purposes

Different Purpose and Layer Numbers Values

For C and C++ Code, Use Cadence-Defined Constants and typedefs

Location of Cadence-defined Constants and typedefs

Technology File Changes for Layers

Virtuoso Environment Layer Purpose Pairs Support

Technology File and LPP SKILL Attribute Changes

Derived Layers

Characterization Rules Stored as Layer Properties

Conversion of Technology File layerRules Class

Via Layers

Equivalent Layers

Translation of Technology File Stream Rules

Differences Between PIPO and XStream

Mask/Layer Functions

Manufacturing Resolution (layer)

Layer Routing Grids

Preferred Routing Direction

Current Density Rules

Conversion of Technology File physicalRules Class

Translation Processes

Mapping CDB Physical Technology File Rules to OpenAccess Constraints

Supported Constraints

Mapping Table Conventions

Single Layer Spacing Constraints

Gate Orientation

Minimum Gate Extension Constraint

Minimum Perimeter Constraint

Minimum Area Constraint

Minimum Area Edge Length Constraint

Minimum Size Constraint

Minimum Enclosed Area (Hole) Constraint

Minimum Enclosed Area (Hole) Width Constraint

Minimum Cut Class Spacing

Minimum Cut Class Clearance

Minimum Density Constraint

Maximum Density Constraint

Minimum Step Edge Length Constraint

Minimum Diagonal Edge Length Constraint

Manhattan Corner Enclosure or Spacing Constraint

Minimum Spacing Constraint

Minimum Center Spacing Constraint

Minimum Diagonal Spacing Constraint

Minimum Diagonal Width Constraint

Minimum Different Potential Spacing Constraint

Minimum Space between Fill Pattern and Real Design Object Constraint

Minimum Proximity (Influence) Spacing Constraint

Minimum Proximity (Influence) Spacing Constraint for Protruding Wires or Stubs

Minimum Spacing Constraint (sameNet)

Minimum Adjacent Via Spacing Constraint

Minimum Via Spacing Constraint

Merge Allowed Spacing Constraint

Minimum Width Constraint

Minimum Protrusion Width Constraint

Maximum Width Constraint

Minimum Length Constraint

Maximum Length Constraint

Minimum Number of Cuts Constraint

Minimum Number of Cuts on Protrusion Constraint

Allowed Shape Angles Constraint

Diagonal Shapes Allowed Constraint

Maximum Tap Spacing Constraint

Minimum Notch Spacing

Minimum End of Notch Spacing

Minimum Wire Extension Constraint

Minimum Boundary Extension Constraint

Keep prBoundary Shared Edges Constraint

Minimum Boundary Interior Halo Constraint

Maximum Diagonal Edge Length Constraint

Redundant Via Setback Constraint

Maximum Routing Distance Constraint

Minimum Parallel Via Spacing Constraint

Minimum Parallel Within Via Spacing Constraint

Minimum Parallel Span Spacing Constraint

Minimum Same Metal Shared Edge Via Spacing Constraint

Minimum End of Line Spacing Constraint

Minimum End of Line Perpendicular Spacing Constraint

Minimum Large Via Array Spacing Constraint

Minimum Large Via Array Cut Spacing Constraint

Maximum Number of Edges with Minimum Edge Length Constraint

Minimum Distance Between Adjacent Sets of Edges with Minimum Edge Length Constraint

Minimum Length of Sets of Edges Adjacent to a Short Edge Constraint

Minimum Rectangle Area Constraint

Minimum Corner to Corner Distance Constraint

Allowed Spacing Range Constraint

Taper Halo Constraint

Corner Constraints

Minimum Outside Corner Edge Length Constraint

Minimum Inside Corner Edge Length Constraint

Minimum Inside Corner Overlap Constraint

Minimum Inside Corner Extension Constraint

Single Layer Routing Grids

Horizontal Routing Grid Pitch Constraint

Horizontal Routing Grid Offset Constraint

Vertical Routing Grid Pitch Constraint

Vertical Routing Grid Offset Constraint

Left Diagonal Routing Grid Pitch Constraint

Left Diagonal Routing Grid Offset Constraint

Right Diagonal Routing Grid Pitch Constraint

Right Diagonal Routing Grid Offset Constraint

Default Horizontal Routing Grid Pitch Constraint

Default Horizontal Routing Grid Offset Constraint

Default Vertical Routing Grid Pitch Constraint

Default Vertical Routing Grid Offset Constraint

Default Left Diagonal Routing Grid Pitch Constraint

Default Left Diagonal Routing Grid Offset Constraint

Default Right Diagonal Routing Grid Pitch Constraint

Default Right Diagonal Routing Grid Offset Constraint

Placement Grid Constraints

Horizontal Placement Grid Pitch Constraint

Horizontal Placement Grid Offset Constraint

Vertical Placement Grid Pitch Constraint

Vertical Placement Grid Offset Constraint

Antenna Models

Antenna Oxide1 Model Constraint

Antenna Oxide2 Model Constraint

Antenna Oxide3 Model Constraint

Antenna Oxide4 Model Constraint

Two Layer Constraints

Minimum Clearance Constraint

Maximum Spacing Constraint

Minimum Clearance Constraint (sameNet)

Minimum Extension Constraint

Minimum Opposite Extension Constraint

Minimum Extension Edge Constraint

Minimum Orthogonal Via Spacing Constraint

Coincident Extension Allowed Constraint

Minimum Overlap Constraint

Minimum Parallel Via Clearance Constraint

Via Stacking Rule Constraint

Minimum Enclosure Constraint

Maximum Enclosure Constraint

Minimum End of Line Extension Constraint

Keep Shared Edges Constraint

Allowed Clearance Range Constraint

Minimum Via Clearance Constraint

Three Layers Spacing Constraints

Minimum Enclosure in Direction of Touching Layer Constraint

Minimum Spacing in Direction of Touching Layer Constraint

Minimum Spacing Over Layer Constraint

Dummy Poly Extension Constraint

Constraints Associated with the Technology Database

Maximum Number of Via Stacking Constraint

Valid Routing Layers Constraint

Valid Routing Vias Constraint

Global Distance Measure

Conversion of Technology File electricalRules Class

Characterization Rules

Current Density Rules

Mapping User Defined Electrical Rules

Conversion of Technology File prRules Class

prRule Masterslice Layers

prRule Overlap Layers

prRule Routing Layers

prRule Routing Grids

prRule Routing Pitch

prRule Routing Grids Offset

prRule Stack Vias

prRule Max Stack Vias

prViaTypes

prViaTypes Default

prVia Rules

prGenViaRules

prNonDefaultRules

Conversion of Technology File leRules Class

Conversion of Technology File lxRules Class

Layer Purpose Based lxRules

Extract Layers

No Overlap Layers

Multipart Paths

Conversion of Technology File devices Class

Create Contact Command Obsolete

Vias as First Class Objects - Updating C and SKILL Code

Differences Between CDB and the Virtuoso Studio design environment Vias

Mapping of CDB Devices

cdsViaDevice to standardViaDefs Mapping

syContact to standardViaDefs Mapping

Mapping CDB Symbolic Device Masters

Technology File Via Definitions and Via Specifications

Standard Via

Standard Via Variant

Custom Via

Custom Via Variant

Via Specifications

Technology File Site Definitions

5

Changes to Environment Objects and Shapes

Differences Between CDB and Virtuoso Studio Design EVirtuoso Studio design environmentnvironment Objects

Virtuoso Studio design environment Objects

Interconnect Objects

Rows

Sites

Blockages

Boundaries

Mapping Shape Based Boundaries

Clusters

Track Patterns

Markers

Steiner

Layer Headers

CDB and Preview Conventions for Identifying Objects

Controlling Display and Selection of Objects

Required Technology File Layers and Purposes for OpenAccess Objects

Unplaced Instances

Shapes

Paths with Extensions

Objects with Points

Zero-Area Rectangles

Text Display Visibility

Bounding box for Net Expression Text Display Incorrect in OpenAccess

Arcs

Converting Start and Stop Angles for an Arc

Selection of an Arcs

Querying an Arc for Its Bounding Box

Querying an Arc for Its Start and Stop Angles

Bounding Boxes of Labels and Text Displays

6

Migrating from PIPO to XStream

Overview

PIPO-XStream Template File Differences

Stream In Template File Mapping

Stream Out Template File Mapping

Using the PIPO-XStream Template Conversion Utility

Using the PIPO-XStream Utility

A

prRules Conversion Messages

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