area=1

Transistor area factor (alias=lv1).

areab=1

Transistor areab factor.

areac=1

Transistor areac factor.

m=1

Multiplicity factor.

trise

Temperature rise from ambient.

region=fwd

Estimated operating region. Spectre outputs a number (0-4) in a rawfile. Possible values are off, fwd, rev, sat, or breakdown.

isnoisy=yes

Should device generate noise. Possible values are no or yes.

type=npn

Transistor type. Possible values are npn and pnp.

struct=vertical

Transistor structure. For pnp, the default is lateral. Possible values are vertical and lateral.

subs=1

Transistor structure. 1 for vertical structure and -1 for lateral structure. For NPN, default = 1 and for PNP, default = -1.

is=1e-16 A

Saturation current (*area).

ise=0 A

B-E leakage saturation current. Set to c2*is if not given. (*area). If ise is greater than or equal to 1e-4, ise will be multiplied by is.

isc=0 A

B-C leakage saturation current. Set to c4*is if not specified (*area). If isc is greater than or equal to 1e-4, isc will be multiplied by is.

iss=0 A

Substrate leakage saturation current (*area).

c2=0

Forward leakage saturation current coefficient.

c4=0

Reverse leakage saturation current coefficient.

nkf=0.5

Qb exponent parameter.

nk=nkf

Qb exponent parameter. It is an alias of nkf.

cbo=0 A

Extrapolated 0-volt B-C leakage current (*area).

gbo=0 S

Slope of Icbo comapred to Vbc above Vbo (*area).

vbo=0 V

Slope of Icbo compared to Vbc at Vbc=0.

tcbo=0 1/C

Temperature coefficient for cbo.

tgbo=0 1/C

Temperature coefficient for gbo.

nf=1

Forward emission coefficient.

nr=1

Reverse emission coefficient.

ne=1.5

B-E leakage emission coefficient.

nc=2

B-C leakage emission coefficient.

ns=1

Substrate junction emission coefficient.

bf=100 A/A

Forward current gain (beta).

bfm (A/A)

Forward current gain (beta).

br=1 A/A

Reverse current gain (beta).

brm (A/A)

Reverse current gain (beta).

ikf=∞ A

High current corner for forward beta (*area).

ik=∞ A

High current corner for forward beta (*area).

jbf=∞ A

High current corner for forward beta (*area).

ikr=∞ A

High current corner for reverse beta (*area).

jbr (A)

High current corner for reverse beta (*area).

vaf=∞ V

Forward Early voltage.

va=∞ V

Forward Early voltage.

var=∞ V

Reverse Early voltage.

vb=∞ V

Reverse Early voltage.

ke=0 1/V

B-E space-charge integral multiplier.

kc=0 1/V

B-C space-charge integral multiplier.

rb=0 Ω

Zero-bias base resistance (/area).

rbm=rb Ω

Minimum base resistance for high currents (/area).

irb=∞ A

Current at base resistance midpoint (*area).

jrb (A)

Current at base resistance midpoint (*area).

iob (A)

Current at base resistance midpoint (*area).

rbmod=spice

Nonlinear Rb model. Possible values are spectre and spice.

rc=0 Ω

Collector resistance (/area).

rcv=0 Ω

Variable collector resistance (/area). It works only when its value is specified.

rcm=0 Ω

Minimum collector resistance (/area).

dope=1e15 cm^-3

Collector background doping concentration.

cex=1

Current crowding exponent.

cco=1 A

Current crowding normalization constant (*area).

re=0 Ω

Emitter resistance (/area).

minr=0.1 Ω

Minimum parasitic resistance.

dcap=2

Depletion capacitance model selector.

cje=0 F

B-E zero-bias junction capacitance (*area).

vje=0.75 V

B-E built-in junction potential.

mje=1/3

B-E junction exponent.

pe=0.75 V

B-E built-in junction potential.

me=1/3

B-E junction exponent.

cjc=0 F

B-C zero-bias junction capacitance (*area).

vjc=0.75 V

B-C built-in junction potential.

mjc=1/3

B-C junction exponent.

pc=0.75 V

B-C built-in junction potential.

mc=1/3

B-C junction exponent.

xcjc=1

Fraction(xcjc) of B-C capacitance tied to internal base and internal collector. (1-xcjc)*(B-C capacitance) tied to external base and internal collector.

xcjc2=1

Fraction(xcjc2) of B-C capacitance tied to external base and external collector. (1-xcjc2)*(B-C capacitance) tied to external base and external collector.

cjs=0 F

B-S zero-bias junction capacitance (*area).

ccs=0 F

B-S zero-bias junction capacitance (*area).

csub (F)

B-S zero-bias junction capacitance (*area).

vjs=0.75 V

B-S built-in junction potential.

mjs=0

B-S junction exponent.

ps=0.75 V

B-S built-in junction potential.

psub (V)

B-S built-in junction potential.

ms=0

B-S junction exponent.

esub

B-S junction exponent.

fc=0.5

Junction capacitor forward-bias threshold.

cbcp=0 F

B-C parasitic capacitance.

cbep=0 F

B-E parasitic capacitance.

ccsp=0 F

C-S parasitic capacitance.

tf=0 s

Ideal forward transit time.

td=0 s

Intrinsic base delay time.

xtf=0

Coefficient for bias dependence of tf.

vtf=∞ V

Voltage describing Vbc dependence of tf.

itf=0 A

High current parameter for effect on tf (*area).

jtf (A)

High current parameter for effect on tf (*area).

tr=0 s

Ideal reverse transit time.

ptf=0 °

Excess phase at freq = 1.0/(tf*2 pi) Hz.

tnom (C)

Measurement temperature for the parameter. The default value is set by using the options statement.

tref (C)

TNOMs alias.

trise=0 C

Temperature rise from ambient.

eg=1.11 V

Band-gap voltage.

xtb=0

Beta temperature exponent.

xti=3

Temperature exponent for effect on is.

pt

Temperature exponent for effect on is. It is an alias of xti.

trb1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for the base resistor.

trb2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for the base resistor.

trm1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for the minimum base resistor.

trm2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for the minimum base resistor.

trc1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for the collector resistor.

trc2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for the collector resistor.

tre1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for the emitter resistor.

tre2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for the emitter resistor.

tlev=0

DC temperature selector.

tlevc=0

AC temperature selector.

eglev=0

DC temperature selector.

gap1=7.02e-4 V/C

Band-gap temperature coefficient.

gap2=1108 C

Band-gap temperature offset.

tikf1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for ikf.

tikf2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for ikf.

tikr1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for ikr.

tikr2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for ikr.

tirb1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for irb.

tirb2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for irb.

tis1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for is.

tis2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for is.

tise1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for ise.

tise2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for ise.

tisc1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for isc.

tisc2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for isc.

tiss1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for iss.

tiss2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for iss.

tbf1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for bf.

tbf2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for bf.

tbr1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for br.

tbr2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for br.

tvaf1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for vaf.

tvaf2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for vaf.

tvar1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for var.

tvar2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for var.

titf1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for itf.

titf2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for itf.

ttf1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for tf.

ttf2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for tf.

ttr1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for tr.

ttr2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for tr.

tnf1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for nf.

tnf2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for nf.

tnr1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for nr.

tnr2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for nr.

tne1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for ne.

tne2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for ne.

tnc1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for nc.

tnc2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for nc.

tns1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for ns.

tns2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for ns.

tmje1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for mje.

tmje2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for mje.

tmjc1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for mjc.

tmjc2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for mjc.

tmjs1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for mjs.

tmjs2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for mjs.

cte=0 1/C

Temperature coefficient for cje.

ctc=0 1/C

Temperature coefficient for cjc.

cts=0 1/C

Temperature coefficient for cjs.

tvje=0 V/C

Temperature coefficient for vje.

tvjc=0 V/C

Temperature coefficient for vjc.

tvjs=0 V/C

Temperature coefficient for vjs.

tvtf1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for vtf.

tvtf2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for vtf.

txtf1=0 1/C

Linear temperature coefficient for xtf.

txtf2=0 C^-2

Quadratic temperature coefficient for xtf.

dskip=yes

Skip junction calculations if they are reverse-saturated. Possible values are yes and no.

imelt=imax A

Junction explosion current (*area).

bvbe=∞ V

B-E breakdown voltage.

bvbc=∞ V

B-C breakdown voltage.

bvce=∞ V

C-E breakdown voltage.

bvsub=∞ V

Substrate junction breakdown voltage.

vbefwd=0.2 V

B-E forward voltage.

vbcfwd=0.2 V

B-C forward voltage.

vsubfwd=0.2 V

Substrate junction forward voltage.

imax=1e3 A

Maximum allowable base current (*area).

imax1=imax A

Maximum allowable collector current (*area).

alarm=none

Forbidden operating region. Possible values are none, off, fwd, rev,  and sat.

kf=0

Flicker (1/f) noise coefficient.

af=1

Flicker (1/f) noise exponent.

kb=0

Burst noise coefficient.

bnoisefc=1

Burst noise cutoff frequency.

rbnoi=rb Ω

Effective base noise resistance.

mvt0=0.0 V

Threshold mismatch intercept.

compatible=spectre

Encourage device equations to be compatible with a foreign simulator. This option does not affect input syntax. Possible values are spectre, spice2, spice3, cdsspice, spiceplus, eldo, sspice, and mica.

updatelevel=0

Model update selector. The available versions are 0, 1.

vbe_max=∞ V

Maximum allowed voltage across base and emitter.

vbc_max=∞ V

Maximum allowed voltage across base and collector.

vce_max=∞ V

Maximum allowed voltage across collector and emitter.

vcs_max=∞ V

Maximum allowed voltage across collector and substrate.

areamax=0

Maximum transistor area factor for which the model is valid.

areamin=1

Minimum transistor area factor for which the model is valid.

ibeeff (Ohm)

The effective reverse saturation current of BE.

ibceff (Ohm)

The effective reverse saturation current of BC.

iseeff (Ohm)

The effective leakage saturation current of BE.

isceff (Ohm)

The effective leakage saturation current of BC.

isseff (Ohm)

The effective reverse saturation current of bulk-collector or bulk-base.

type=npn

Transistor type. Possible values are npn and pnp.

struct=vertical

Transistor structure. For pnp, default is lateral. Possible values are vertical and lateral.

trise (C)

Temperature rise from ambient.

region=fwd

Estimated operating region. Spectre generates output number (0-4) in a rawfile. Possible values are off, fwd, rev, sat, and breakdown.

vbe (V)

Base-emitter voltage (alias=lx0).

vbc (V)

Base-collector voltage (alias=lx1).

vce (V)

Collector-emitter voltage.

vsub (V)

Substrate junction voltage (alias=lx24).

ic (A)

Resistive collector current (alias=lx2).

ib (A)

Resistive base current (alias=lx3).

isub (A)

Resistive substrate current (alias=lv6).

pwr (W)

Power dissipation.

betadc (A/A)

Ratio of resistive collector current to resistive base current (alias=lv10).

betaac (A/A)

Small-signal common-emitter current gain.

gm (S)

Common-emitter transconductance (alias=lx6).

rpi (Ω)

Common-emitter input resistance.

ro (Ω)

Common-emitter output resistance.

rb (Ω)

Parasitic base resistance.

rc (Ω)

Parasitic collector resistance.

cpi (F)

Common-emitter input capacitance (alias=lx19).

cmu (F)

Common-base output capacitance (alias=lx20).

cmux (F)

External common-base output capacitance (alias=lx22).

csub (F)

Substrate capacitance (alias=lx21).

ft (Hz)

Unity small-signal current-gain frequency (alias=lv5).

gpi (S)

Gpi=ib/vbe constant vbc (alias=lx4).

gmu (S)

Gmu=ib/vbc constant vbe (alias=lx5).

g0 (S)

G0=ic/vce constant vbe (alias=lx7).

gb (S)

1/Rbeff internal conductance (alias=lx16).

qbe

Base emitter charge (alias=lx8).

qbc

Base collector charge (alias=lx10).

qsc

Collector substrate charge.

grc (S)

Collector conductance (alias=lv16).

rbb (Ω)

Base resistance (alias=lv14).

log_ic (A)

Log(Ic) (alias=lv8).

log_ib (A

Log(Ib) (alias=lv9).

gre (S)

Emitter conductance (alias=lv15).

re (Ω)